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How overseas assets are treated in divorce

Understanding your assets and the impact of divorce is crucial in situations where you own business or personal assets overseas.

Resolving the financial matters arising from the divorce can become more complex if overseas assets are involved. These overseas assets are treated the same as domestic assets held in England and Wales in that they must be disclosed in full during legal proceedings. Since a good divorce still needs a financial settlement, it is critical that overseas assets are handled correctly to avoid penalties for non-disclosure and to prevent long, expensive disputes. Complexities can also arise due to enforcement challenges, conflicting overlapping legal jurisdictions and valuations. Obtaining local advice is always recommended, alongside UK guidance, as it may involve asset tracing, tax implications and/or untangling complex international laws.

At Ward Hadaway, our divorce solicitors have extensive experience in handling divorce and financial matters involving overseas assets. We understand that the divorce process and reaching a financial settlement can be stressful, especially when dealing with high-conflict divorces, but this can be intensified when overseas assets are involved.

What are overseas assets?

Overseas assets, or foreign assets, are any physical, financial or intangible holdings that are located outside of an individual’s or company’s home country. Whilst this can include UK residents owning property in  Europe or further afield, overseas assets are often more than just a holiday home, and include bank accounts, cryptocurrency, investments or business interests For tax purposes, residents are often required to report these holdings to their domestic tax authorities to ensure full compliance with strict UK tax laws and prevent tax evasion. In the UK, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) taxes individuals on their worldwide income and gains.

Understanding hidden assets and divorce is essential, since hiding assets is surprisingly common, especially in high-value or complex  asset bases. Offshore and international wealth is often harder to trace, and non-compliant spouses often attempt to conceal overseas assets to avoid a fair financial settlement. However hiding assets is never a good idea as this can lead to cost orders being imposed, contempt of court or even imprisonment in the most serious cases.

Personal overseas assets and divorce

Personal overseas assets are typically considered alongside domestic assets because the courts in England and Wales base financial settlements on the needs of both parties, helping with achieving amicable divorce. The court requires full disclosure of all assets held overseas and will assess whether they form part of the matrimonial or non-matrimonial pot.

Property

Personal overseas property must be disclosed during divorce proceedings and the court will consider whether the property was acquired before, during or after the marriage. This will help the court decide whether the property is part of the matrimonial pot or not. The court will examine ownership history, the source of funds, the current value and practical issues surrounding its sale or transfer as part of the financial settlement.

A holiday home or other investment property purchased during the marriage is likely to be treated as a matrimonial asset, and therefore eligible for division between you and your spouse. If you owned your property before marriage, or if it was inherited, it may not be included in the divisible pot of assets but is not automatically excluded.

The property’s value must be professionally assessed by a local estate agent or surveyor, but HMRC must receive information of the final value of the property.

Bank accounts

Foreign bank accounts should be disclosed as part of financial proceedings, with both sole and joint accounts relevant. The exchange of bank statements will allow full transparency of your accounts, including balances, transaction history and the origin of funds.

Since cash and savings are readily available financial resources, transparency is essential to ensure a fair financial settlement after divorce. The court must obtain a complete understanding of both financial positions, with hidden or undisclosed offshore accounts leading to serious consequences.

Investments

Overseas investments can include anything from foreign share portfolios, investment funds, bonds, pensions and similar holdings, all of which can be taken into account within the financial settlement.

The timing of acquisition may influence whether these investments are treated as matrimonial or non-matrimonial assets, and any investment growth achieved during the marriage may also be relevant. Since investments contribute to overall wealth and future financial security for both parties, the court must be aware of any overseas investments you have.

For complex holdings, specialist valuations may be required.

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Business overseas assets and divorce

Overseas businesses assets can present additional challenges during  the financial negotiations because they are often involved with ongoing commercial operations. When assessing the parties’ resources the court will often distinguish between personal wealth and assets needed for business continuity, whilst still considering their overall value..

You may be wondering what happens to a business you built before marriage in the event of a divorce, or why business valuations when going through a divorce are extremely complex, with figures often challenged.

It is also critical to understand and handle complex cross-border considerations, including tax rules, currency risks and valuations, if you are managing a business with an international interest. We can work with your advisors in the relevant country to ensure that all relevant factors are taken into account, and together formulate a strategy that best meets your needs and priorities.

Business property

If a property is owned for commercial reasons abroad, then it is likely to be treated as an overseas business asset. The overall value of the property may be considered when valuing the business, with courts often assessing whether it is essential to business operations.

Since business premises can represent substantial business value, overseas commercial properties are assessed as part of a broader business valuation, rather than being divided in isolation.

Independent valuation evidence is commonly required by the courts because they seek to balance fairness with preserving the viability of the business.

Business bank accounts

Company bank accounts held overseas are often considered when assessing business finances. There will be a review of the business account balances, cash reserves and business liquidity, with funds needed for legitimate business operations potentially treated differently from excess cash reserves.

Business cash flow is an important indicator of company value and overall financial health. Since  both spouses and the court need to understand the true financial position of the business, cash flow will be examined, with complex corporate structures potentially requiring forensic accounting.

Equipment and software

Business-related equipment and software, including machinery, manufacturing equipment and technology assets, may contribute significant value to the business. Proprietary software, digital platforms and licensed technology can also be significant assets which contribute directly to profitability and business value.

The court will consider whether the worth of any equipment and software exceeds the original purchase price, especially if they generate ongoing income. Formal valuations can be complex, especially for intellectual property and software, meaning an expert should provide a detailed valuation for the court.

The complications of dealing with overseas assets

Overseas assets can be more difficult to identify, value, divide and enforce against

These complications can arise due to:

  • Dealing with different legal systems: since different countries have their own property, family and ownership laws, there may be uncertainty about how overseas assets are classified, valued and divided.
  • Incorrect enforcement: it is vital to understand what financial order(s) can be made against the overseas asset because if it is unenforceable then there was no benefit to the order being made. Enforcing orders against overseas assets can be difficult if the foreign jurisdiction does not automatically recognise or readily enforce it.
  • Lack of full disclosure: since overseas assets may be held through foreign accounts, companies, trusts or investment structures, they can be more difficult to identify, trace and fully disclose.
  • Obtaining inaccurate valuations: differences in local markets, currency fluctuations, limited financial information and varying valuation standards can make obtaining accurate valuations difficult.

Expert divorce solicitors from Ward Hadaway can provide legal advice on your overseas assets and how they are likely to be considered within the financial negotiations, ensuring that you deal with these correctly in a way that follows UK and international law. We will work with your advisors abroad to formulate a strategy that best meets your needs and priorities.

Ward Hadaway’s divorce solicitors help deal with international assets in divorce

Rebuilding your life post-divorce may seem daunting, especially  when dealing with complex overseas assets  to be divided between you and your spouse.

At Ward Hadaway, our divorce solicitors have extensive experience in dealing with overseas assets, ensuring your assets are properly disclosed to protect you throughout the divorce process and the financial negotiations. We can advise you from the initial contemplation and/or discussion of divorce to prepare you for the divorce process, give you options to consider how best to achieve a fair financial settlement and we can support you to achieve an out of court settlement, or within complex and acrimonious litigation.  Our experienced solicitors also advise in respect of children matters, for example  their living arrangements and/or supporting children through a divorce. At what is a difficult time, it is also important to consider your own wellbeing, so consider reading  how to handle emotional burnout during a divorce.

We are here to support you through this challenging time. Contact us for a confidential chat.

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    Please note that this briefing is designed to be informative, not advisory and represents our understanding of English law and practice as at the date indicated. We would always recommend that you should seek specific guidance on any particular legal issue.

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